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Lenka, Sangeeta
- Scientific Endeavours for Natural Resource Management in India
Abstract Views :261 |
PDF Views:84
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal 462 038, IN
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal 462 038, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 108, No 1 (2015), Pagination: 39-44Abstract
Natural resource management (NRM) based on scientific principles plays a crucial role for an inclusive and sustainable growth in India. The shrinking per capita natural resources leads to intensive land use and results in further environmental degradation. This calls for developing agroecoregion-specific land-use plans based on homogeneity in soil, water and climatic features in a particular region and managing a particular land unit on watershed basis involving the local community. This article consolidates information on the science-based efforts made by the Government of India through various scientific establishments and science-led development schemes for NRM over time. Despite the existence of a number of institutions for NRM research, there is hardly any coordination across the Departments and Ministries. The missing links in NRM research are discussed in this article keeping in view the emphasis of the government and the importance of natural resources in promoting inclusive and sustainable growth in India.Keywords
Land Degradation, Matural Resources, Soil and Water Conservation, Watershed Management.- Greenhouse Gas Emission and Soil Properties as Influenced by Wheat Biomass Burning in Vertisols of Central India
Abstract Views :257 |
PDF Views:93
Authors
Sangeeta Lenka
1,
N. K. Lenka
1,
R. C. Singh
2,
A. Subba Rao
1,
S. Kundu
1,
Jyothi Raghuwansi
1,
C. P. Patidar
2
Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal 462 038, IN
2 Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Nabibagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal 462 038, IN
1 Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal 462 038, IN
2 Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Nabibagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal 462 038, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 107, No 7 (2014), Pagination: 1150-1154Abstract
Biomass burning is a major contributor to the atmospheric carbon budget and increases the concentration of many trace gases apart from the adverse effects on soil properties. However, in many parts of India, crop residue burning is a recurrent and widespread practice for disposal of the residues after harvest of the previous crop to facilitate sowing of the succeeding crop. The residue burning on a larger scale also leads to severe atmospheric pollution. Against this backdrop, the present work was conducted to study the effect of wheat (Triticum aestivum) residue burning on soil properties and assess the potential greenhouse gas emission from burning of such residues on a regional scale. The study was taken up on farmers' field in Bhopal district, Madhya Pradesh, with two residue disposal methods, viz. residue burning and residue removal, for comparison with respect to their effect on soil properties and the greenhouse gas emission potential. No significant difference was observed between both methods in terms of soil organic carbon, inorganic carbon and available P content at 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths. Though residue burning showed favourable effect on available K content, there was reduction in the available N content in the 15-30 cm soil depth. Residue burning did not show significant effect on soil biological activity as estimated from fluorescence diacetate test. On the other hand, there was a significant adverse effect on soil structure and labile carbon content. Residue burning was estimated to result in the emission of 379 Gg C equivalent for India and 14 Gg C equivalent for MP.Keywords
Biomass Burning, Greenhouse Gas Emission, Soil Properties, Wheat.- Interactive Effect of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Elevated Temperature on Growth and Yield of Soybean
Abstract Views :197 |
PDF Views:92
Authors
Narendra K. Lenka
1,
Sangeeta Lenka
1,
J. K. Thakur
1,
R. Elanchezhian
1,
S. B. Aher
1,
Vidya Simaiya
1,
D. S. Yashona
1,
A. K. Biswas
1,
P. K. Agrawal
2,
A. K. Patra
1
Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Bhopal 462 038, IN
2 Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Pusa, KAB-1, New Delhi 110 012, IN
1 Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Bhopal 462 038, IN
2 Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Pusa, KAB-1, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 113, No 12 (2017), Pagination: 2305-2310Abstract
A field experiment was undertaken in the kharif season of 2016 in open-top chambers to study the individual and combined effects of elevated carbon dioxide and temperature on growth and yield parameters in soybean crop. The soybean (var. JS 20–29) crop was grown under two levels of CO2 (ambient, 550 ppmv) in combination with two levels of air temperature (ambient, +2.0°C). The five different climate treatments were: open field (OF), ambient chamber (AC), elevated temperature (eT), elevated CO2 (eC) and elevation of both temperature and CO2 (eCeT). At the time of sowing, vermicompost @ 2.0 tonnes ha–1 was applied along with 30 kg N ha–1 (in the form of urea), 60 kg P2O5 ha–1 (through single super phosphate) and 40 kg K2O ha–1 (through muriate of potash) to the soybean crop. Impact of the climate variables was studied in terms of selected plant attributes, viz. plant height, leaf area, biomass, number of pods, number of grains per pod, grain yield and seed index (100 seed weight). Results indicated significant positive effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on plant growth parameters, pod attributes and grain yield. Compared to AC, leaf area at 50 days after sowing was higher by 143%, 281% and 259% and above-ground biomass at harvest was higher by 47%, 31% and 47% under eC, eT and eCeT treatments respectively. The difference in biomass under OF and AC was not significant. The increase in grain yield over ambient varied from 30% under eT to 51% and 65% under eC and eCeT treatments respectively. The seed index as measured through weight of 100 numbers of seeds, was significantly higher under elevated CO2 and/or elevated temperature treatments than the ambient chamber and open field treatments.Keywords
Carbon Dioxide Fertilization, Climate Change, Elevated Temperature, Seed Index, Soybean Biomass.References
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